Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i te taura taputapu maha-takirua tika mō tō kaupapa?
- Te Whakautu Tika: He Anga Kōwhiringa e Whā-Hipanga
Ka pātai tonu te tangata:"Me pēhea taku whiriwhiri i te taura taputapu takirua-maha e tika ana mō taku kaupapa?"
Ko te whakautu māmā:Me whakatau e koe ngā whakataunga matua e whā i te raupapa:
| Hipanga | Whakataunga | Ngā Tawhā Matua |
| Hipanga 1 | Te maha o ngā takirua | E hia ngā tohu? (1 ki te 100+ ngā takirua) – mahere mō ngā taputapu tāpiri (15-20%) |
| Hipanga 2 | Rahi o te kaiārahi | 18-24 AWG (0.5-2.5mm²) – e whakawhirinaki ana ki te roa o te koropiko me te iahiko |
| Hipanga 3 | Momo parepare | He pepa konutea (100%), he whiri (70-95%), he mea whakakotahi rānei – i runga i te taiao EMI |
| Hipanga 4 | Rauemi koti | PVC (whānui), LSZH (haumaru ahi), PUR (hinu/pakura) – i runga i te taiao |
He aha i whiriwhiria ai te Multi-Pair?Ina he maha ngā taputapu (pēhanga, pāmahana, rere) e rere ana mai i te pouaka hononga kotahi ki te rūma whakahaere, he pai ake te ohanga me te whakaritenga o te taura maha-takirua i te whakahaere i ngā taura takitahi. Ka whakakapia e te taura kotahi-takirua (hei tauira, 20 ngā takirua) ngā taura takitahi e 20 – he iti ake te wāhi i runga i te paepae, he tere ake te tāutanga, he iti ake ngā whakamutu.
I Dingzun Cable,Ka hangaia e mātou ngā taura taputapu maha-takirua mai i te 1 ki te 100+ ngā takirua, ka taea te whakarite kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga o tō kaupapa – me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga EN 50288-7 me ngā tuhinga whakamātautau katoa.
- Hipanga 1: Whakatauhia te Tatau o ngā Takirua Tika
Ko te whakatau tino nui ko te tatau takirua. Ki te kore e tino tautuhia, kāore e taea te whakawhānui ake ā muri ake nei; ki te nui rawa te tautuhi, ka moumou moni koe ki ngā takirua kāore anō kia whakamahia.
Ripanga 1: Taura Maha-Tauira – Aratohu Kōwhiri Tatau Tauira
| Te maha o ngā takirua | Ngā tono noa | Ngā Tohutohu mō ngā Takirua Tāpiri |
| 1-2 takirua | Kotahi te taputapu, mai i te pūwāhi ki te pūwāhi (hei tauira, kotahi te tuku pēhanga) | 0-1 tāpui |
| 4-8 ngā takirua | Pouaka hononga iti, papaaho ā-rohe (hei tauira, 4-8 taputapu) | 15-20% (hei tauira, 8-tārua mō ngā taonga puoro e 6) |
| 10-20 ngā takirua | Papa whakahaere waenga, reti taputapu (hei tauira, 10-20 tohu) | 15-20% (hei tauira, takirua 20 mō ngā taonga puoro 16) |
| 24-50 ngā takirua | Pouaka hononga nui, rūma whakarite DCS | 15-20% (hei tauira, 50-takirua mō ngā taonga puoro 40) |
| 50-100+ takirua | Tuarā o te rūma whakahaere matua, pūnaha DCS nui | 10-15% (te utu me te tauwhitinga whānui) |
Me pēhea te tatau i ngā takirua e hiahiatia ana:
| Hipanga | Tātaitanga | Tauira |
| 1 | Tatauhia ngā taputapu hohe (ngā tohu) | 24 ngā taonga puoro |
| 2 | Tāpirihia ngā taputapu tāpiri (15-20% te tūtohutanga) | 24 × 1.15 = 27.6 ≈ 28 |
| 3 | Tirohia mēnā he rerekē ngā momo tohu (anaro me te mamati – ka taea te tohatoha i ngā takirua mēnā ka tiakina tika) | He maha ngā wā ka whakaaetia te taura kotahi |
| 4 | Whakaawhiwhia ki te maha o ngā takirua paerewa | 30 ngā takirua(32 rānei ngā takirua, kei te kaihanga) |
Whakamārama mō ngā Takirua Tāpiri:
| Take | Te utu mō te kore o ngā taputapu tāpiri |
| Te whānui haere ake nei (ngā taputapu hou) | Te tōia taura hou – te mahi, te wāhi i runga i te paepae, te wā kore mahi |
| I rahua te takirua (i pakaru i te wā tāutanga) | Whakakapinga taura katoa, whakahaere motuhake rānei |
| Te wehewehenga tohu (te haruru mai i tētahi takirua e pā ana ki tētahi atu) | Kāore e taea te wehe me te kore he toenga |
（Te whakawhiti-wāhanga taura taputapu maha-takirua）
I Dingzun Cable,Ka hangaia e mātou ngā taura maha-takirua i roto i te tatau paerewa (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24, 30, 36, 48, 50, 60, 100 takirua) me tetahi tatau ritenga e tohua ana e koe.
- Hipanga 2: Kōwhiria te Rahi Tika o te Kaiārahi (AWG / mm²)
Ko te rahi o te ara iahiko e whakatau ana i te ātete o te koropiko, e pā tika ana ki te tawhiti ka taea e koe te whakahaere i tētahi koropiko 4-20mA, i tētahi whakawhitiwhiti kōrero matihiko rānei.
Ripanga 2: Kōwhiringa Rahi o te Arataki – 18 ki te 24 AWG (0.5 ki te 2.5 mm²)
| Rahi o te Kaiārahi | AWG | Ātete (Ω/km) | Te Tawhiti Porowhita 4-20mA Noa (i te 24V, te kawenga 250Ω) | Taupānga Pai rawa atu |
| 0.5 mm² | 20 AWG | ~33 Ω/km | 500-800 mita | Ngā oma poto ki waenga, he aro nui ki te utu |
| 0.75 mm² | 18-19 AWG | ~24 Ω/km | 800-1,200 mita | Paerewa mō te nuinga o ngā taputapu ahumahi |
| 1.0 mm² | 17-18 AWG | ~18 Ω/km | 1,200-1,500 mita | Ngā oma roa, ngā porowhita ātete-teitei |
| 1.5 mm² | 16 AWG | ~13 Ω/km | 1,500-2,000+ mita | Ngā taputapu tino roa, e hiahia ana ki te hiko |
| 2.5 mm² | 14 AWG | ~8 Ω/km | >2,500 mita | Ngā tono motuhake (tawhiti rawa) |
Me pēhea te tatau i te roa o te porowhita mōrahi (4-20mA):
Ko te herenga o te koropiko 4-20mA e whakawhāitihia ana e te ātete koropiko katoa = ātete taura (e rua ngā taha) + ātete kawenga (250Ω noa) + ātete ārai (mēnā ka whakamahia).
| Tawhā | Tātai | Tauira |
| Ātete mōrahi mō te takahuri (i te tuku 24V) | (Vsupply – Vmin_pūrere) / 0.02A | (24V – 12V) / 0.02A = 600Ω |
| Tangohia te kawenga me te ārai | 600Ω – 250Ω (kawenga) – 50Ω (ārai) = 300Ω | Kei te wātea mō te taura |
| Ātete taura (haere hoki mai) | 2 × R_km × Tawhiti (km) | 2 × 24Ω/km × 1.2km = 57.6Ω |
| Te tawhiti mōrahi mō te 0.75mm² (18 AWG) | Ātete taura e wātea ana / (2 × R_km) | 300Ω / (2 × 24Ω/km) =6.25 km? He teitei rawa – tirohia te taputapu |
*(Tuhipoka: Ko te tawhiti mahi 4-20mA ka herea e te mana me te kaha o te taputapu, he maha nga wa ko te 800-1,500m te morahi mo te 18 AWG)*
Mō ngā Tohu Mamati (RS485, Modbus):
| Rahi o te Kaiārahi | Te Tawhiti Mōrahi (i te 9.6 kbps) | Tauwehenga Whakawhāiti |
| 24 AWG (0.2mm²) | 1,200 mita (paerewa RS485 mōrahi) | Te kaha me te whakaiti |
| 22 AWG (0.34mm²) | 1,200 mita | Ōrite - kāore te tawhiti i te ātete i whakawhāitihia i te baud iti |
| 18-20 AWG | 1,200 mita | Kāore e hiahiatia he matotoru ake mō te hiko; whakamahia mō te kaha ā-ringa |
Taunakitanga:Mō te nuinga o ngā taputapu ahumahi (4-20mA, RS485, RTD, thermocouple),0.75mm² – 1.0mm² (18 AWG)ko te kōwhiringa paerewa – te whakataurite i te utu, te kaha tawhiti, me te kaha ā-ringa. Whakamahia ngā rahi nui ake mō ngā koropiko roa rawa, mō ngā wāhi rānei e āwangawanga ana te kaha kukume ā-ringa.
I Dingzun Cable,Kei a mātou ngā taura takirua-maha me te 18 AWG (0.75mm²) hei paerewa, me te 16 AWG (1.5mm²), 20 AWG (0.5mm²), me ngā ine ritenga e wātea ana i runga i tāu tataunga roa porowhita.
- Hipanga 3: Kōwhiria te Momo Parepare Tika
Mā te parepare ka tiakina ō tohu mai i ngā EMI (ngā motuka, ngā VFD, te reo irirangi, te whakarewa). Ko te kōwhiringa kei runga i tō taiao hiko.
Ripanga 3: Ngā Momo Parepare mō ngā Taura Taputapu Maha-Tauira
| Momo Whakamarumaru | Te kapinga | Auautanga Pai rawa atu | Te Whai Huatanga o te Parepare (SE) | Taupānga Pai rawa atu | Utu Whakatairanga |
| Pepa konumohe (takitahi mō ia takirua) | 100% | Teitei (>1 MHz) | 60-90 dB (RFI) | Ngā tohu anaro nui– te ārai i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenga i ngā takirua i roto i te taura kotahi | 1.0× (tūranga) |
| Pepa Whakakotahi(mō ngā takirua katoa) | 100% | Teitei (>1 MHz) | 60-90 dB (RFI) | Tāutanga pumau, EMI taurite, utu aro | 1.1× |
| Whiri Whānui | 70-95% | Iti-Waenga ( | 40-80 dB | Hihiri/piko– ara taura, karetao, ahotea miihini teitei | 1.3-1.5× |
| Hikoi (Konumohe + Whiri) | 100% + whiri | Whānuitanga katoa | >90 dB | Ahumahi uaua– Ngā VFD, ngā motuka, ngā tipu hiko, ngā whare hanga hinu | 1.5-2.0× |
Whakaaroaro Motuhake mō ngā Takirua Maha – Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero:
Ina whakamahia te taura kotahi e ngā takirua maha, ka taea e ngā tohu mai i tētahi takirua te hono ā-kaha ki ngā takirua tata (whakawhitiwhiti kōrero). Ko te otinga:
| Tono | Whirihoranga Parepare i Manakohia |
| Anarohiko whakaranu (4-20mA) me te mamati (RS485) i roto i te taura kotahi | Pepa konumohe takitahi mō ia takirua + whiri whānui– te wehewehe i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero |
| He rite te momo o ngā tohu katoa (hei tauira, 4-20mA katoa) | He rawaka pea te pepa konumohe, te whiri rānei |
| Ngā tohu tino tairongo (thermocouple, mV) | Pepa konumohe takitahi mō ia takirua + whiri whānui |
| Taiao EMI-teitei (VFD, kaiwhakarewa) | He mea whakakotahi katoa (pepa konumohe + whiri)+ pepa konumohe takitahi mō ia takirua |
I Dingzun Cable,ko tā mātou hanganga taura taputapu takirua-maha paerewa ko:pepa konumohe takitahi mō ia takirua (100%) + te whiri parahi katoa i roto i te kēne (≥85%)– e whakarato ana i te aukati whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te tiakitanga EMI o waho. Koinei te whirihoranga tino maha ngā whakamahinga mō ngā tipu ahumahi.
- Hipanga 4: Kōwhiria te Rauemi o te Koti i runga i te Taiao
Ko te koti te parepare matua o tō taura i te taiao tāutanga.
Ripanga 4: Kōwhiringa Rauemi Koti – PVC vs LSZH vs PUR
| Rauemi Koti | Awhe Pāmahana | Whakatauranga Mura | Ngā Āhuatanga Matua | Taupānga Pai rawa atu |
| PVC | -30°C ki te +70°C | IEC 60332-1 | He iti te utu, he roa te mau | Ngā wāhi o roto, maroke, kāore e tino hira |
| LSZH(Harogen Kore Auahi Iti) | -30°C ki te +90°C | IEC 60332-1, 60332-3 rānei+ iti te paowa (IEC 61034) | He iti te paoa, kāore he halogen, kāore e waikura | Ngā wāhi kua kati– ngā kauhanga, ngā rūma whakahaere, ngā kaipuke, ngā pokapū raraunga |
| Ahakoa(Polyurethane) | -40°C ki te +90°C | IEC 60332-1 | He ātete pai ki te hinu/te pakū, ngāwari | Ngā mīhini ahumahi– te pānga o te hinu, ngā ara taura, o waho |
| TPE / TPU | -40°C ki te +125°C | Rerekē | Te roa o te ora ngāwari, te ātete matū | Robotics, nekehanga tonu |
Kōwhiringa mā te Taiao Tāutanga:
| Taiao | Koti e taunakitia ana | He aha ai |
| Whānui o roto (rūma whakahaere, tipu maroke) | PVC | Te utu iti rawa, te rawaka |
| Te paepae taura i te rohe ahumahi tuwhera | PVC, LSZH rānei (mēnā e hiahiatia ana he waehere ahi) | LSZH mō te haumaru ahi |
| Wāhi kua kati (kauhanga, kaipuke, papaaho) | LSZH | He iti te paoa – me kite ngā kainoho kia puta ai rātou |
| Te pānga ki te hinu/matū (ngā whare hanga hinu, ngā mīhini) | Ahakoa | Ātete ki te pupuhi me te pirau |
| Waho (te pānga ki te UV) | AhakoaLSZH kua whakapūmauhia e te UV rānei | Ārai i te pakaru |
| Te tanumanga tika | Ahakoarānei LSZH + he pukupuku SWA whiriwhiri | Ātete makuku + tiaki ā-ringa |
I Dingzun Cable,Kei a mātou ngā taura taputapu takirua-maha me ngā koti PVC, LSZH, me te PUR – e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga EN 50288-7, ā, e wātea ana me ngā pukupuku SWA kōwhiringa mō ngā wāhi tanumanga tika, ngā wāhi mōrearea miihini rānei.
- Ripanga Whakarāpopototanga Kōwhiringa Taura Maha-Taua
Whakamahia tēnei ripanga hei whakawhāiti tere i ō kōwhiringa.
Ripanga 5: Taura Taputapu Takirua Maha – Mahere Kōwhiringa Katoa
| Whakaritenga Kaupapa | Tau o ngā takirua | Rahi o te Kaiārahi (AWG) | Te ārai | koti | Ngā Whakatutukitanga Noa mō te EN 50288-7 |
| Porowhita kotahi 4-20mA, tawhiti poto (≤300m) | 1-2 takirua | 20 AWG (0.5mm²) | Pepa konumohe (whānui) | PVC | Āe |
| Ngā tohu anaro maha, tipu whānui (300-800m) | 4-16 ngā takirua | 18 AWG (0.75mm²) | Pepa takitahi + whiri whānui | PVC | Āe |
| Anaro whakaranu + RS485, EMI ngawari | 8-24 ngā takirua | 18 AWG (0.75mm²) | Pepa takitahi + rauemi whakakotahi whānui | PVC, LSZH rānei | Āe |
| Teitei o te EMI (VFD, motuka, tipu hiko) | 10-50 ngā takirua | 18-16 AWG (0.75-1.5mm²) | Pepa takitahi + rauemi whakakotahi whānui | LSZH, PUR rānei | Āe |
| Hinu me te hau, whare whakapai hinu, matū (Rohe 1/2) | E ai ki te hiahia | 18 AWG (0.75mm²) | Pepa takai takitahi + whiri whānui +LSZH kikorangi mārama | LSZH (kikorangi) | Āe + BS5308 pinepine |
| Taiwhenua / moana | E ai ki te hiahia | 18 AWG (0.75mm²) | Pepa takitahi + whiri whānui | LSZH (moana) | Āe + IEC 60092-502 |
| Tanu tika (mōrearea ki te kiore/ki te kuru) | E ai ki te hiahia | 18 AWG (0.75mm²) | Pepa takitahi + whiri whānui | Pūeru koura PUR LSZH + SWA | Āe |
| Ara taura / piko tonu | E ai ki te hiahia | 19+ ngā aho (Akomanga 5/6) | Whiri whānui (kāore he pepa konutea) | Ahakoa | Āe (me te whakamātautau ngāwari) |
I Dingzun Cable,Ka taea e tā mātou tīma hangarau te āwhina i a koe ki te whakakī i tēnei matihiko ki ngā tawhā motuhake o tō kaupapa (ngā momo tohu, ngā tawhiti, ngā pūtake EMI, ngā āhuatanga taiao) me te whakaputa i tētahi whakatakotoranga taura e taunakitia ana – he kore utu.
- Ngā Hapa Noa i te Wā e Kōwhiri ana i ngā Taura Takirua Maha
| Hapa | Ngā hua | Huarahi Tika |
| Kāore he takirua tāpiri | Me tōia he taura hou mō te whakawhānui; me tōia anō te taura i rahua | Tāpirihia he 15-20% o ngā taputapu tāpiri (he iti rawa 1-2 ngā takirua taputapu tāpiri) |
| He iti rawa te arataki mō te roa o te koropiko | Ka rahua te koropiko 4-20mA nā te nui rawa o te hekenga ngaohiko | Tātaihia te ātete porowhita, tāpirihia he tawhē 20% |
| Te kore aro ki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero | Ka pirau ngā inenga i te haruru ororongo mai i ngā takirua matihiko | Whakamahia te pepa konumohe takitahi mō ia takirua mō ngā tohu whakauru |
| Te ārai-kore i roto i te tipu whai rawa i te VFD | Ngā hapa tohu wā poto, RS485 kua pakaru | Whakamahia he parenga whānui hiato (pepa konumohe + whiri) |
| He koti PVC i roto i te wāhi hinu/matū | Ka pupuhi te koti, ka ngawari, ka pakaru i roto i ngā marama | Whakamahia te koti PUR hei ātete ki te hinu |
| Kāore i te LSZH i roto i te wāhi kua kati | Auahi paitini, te iti o te tirohanga i te wā o te ahi – he mōrearea mō te ora | Whakamahia te LSZH i roto i ngā kauhanga, ngā rūma whakahaere, ngā kaipuke |
| Kāore he tutukitanga ki te EN 50288-7 | Kāore he tawhā hiko kua whakamanahia – te whakakorenga o te kaupapa | Tauwhāitihia te EN 50288-7; ngā pūrongo whakamātautau tono |
I Dingzun Cable,Mā tā mātou arotake hangarau i mua i te hoko ka kitea ēnei hapa i mua i tō tono – ā, ka ārai i a koe i ngā rahunga o te mara me ngā whakaroa o te kaupapa.
Mō Dingzun Cable: Tō Hoa Taura Taputapu Maha-Tauira
KiNeke atu i te 20 tau o te wheako hanga motuhake,Taura Dingzunhe hoa pono mō ngā umanga hangarau o te ao, ngā EPC, me ngā kaiwhakamahi mutunga ahumahi e hiahia ana ki te kounga teiteingā taura taputapu maha-takirua– ka taea te whakarite kia rite ki te EN 50288-7 me ngā tuhinga whakamātautau katoa.
（Taura taputapu takirua-maha Taura Dingzun）
Ngā Āheinga o ā Mātou Taura Taputapu Maha-Taua:
| Te āheinga | Whakatakotoranga Dingzun |
| Te maha o ngā takirua | 1 ki te 100+ ngā takirua (ahakoa te maha, tae atu ki te kore-paerewa) |
| Ine ine arataki | 18 AWG (0.75mm²) paerewa; 16, 20, 22, 24 AWG kōwhiringa |
| Rauemi arataki | Parahi tahanga, Parahi tine (paerewa - ātete ki te waikura) |
| Te whakamarumaru | PE (pūnga iti, ≤50 nF/km), XLPE (mahana whakapai ake), PVC |
| Parenga takirua takitahi | Pepa konumohe (100%) + waea whakaheke wai– paerewa mō ngā takirua maha katoa |
| Parenga whānui | Whiri parahi tīni (≥85%)– paerewa; he mea hanga (pepa konumohe+whiri) he mea whiriwhiri |
| Te whai huatanga o te tiaki | >90 dB (kōwhiringa whakahiato) |
| Āraitanga | 100Ω, 120Ω ±5Ω (e tutuki ana i te EN 50288-7) |
| Ngā rauemi koti | PVC, LSZH, PUR – katoa EN 50288-7 hototahi |
| Pūeru (whiringa kore) | SWA (pūwero waea maitai) mō te tanumanga tika / te tiaki ā-ringa |
| Tae koti | Mangu (paerewa), Hina, Kikorangi mārama (ngā ara iahiko IS), tetahi ritenga RAL |
| Awhe pāmahana | -40°C ki te +90°C (e wātea ana ngā kōwhiringa paerewa, whakarei ake) |
| Te ātete mura | Paerewa IEC 60332-1 (kotahi); IEC 60332-3 Kāwai C/B/A kōwhiringa |
| Ngā Tiwhikete | Te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga ISO 9001:2015, CE, RoHS, REACH, EN 50288-7 |
| Whakamātautau | Whakamātautau hiko 100%i runga i ia rīra |
| Ngā tuhinga | Ngā pūrongo whakamātautau katoa (ātete, kaha, whakaiti, ātete, mura) |
He aha ai Taura Dingzun mō ō hiahia mō te taura taputapu takirua maha:
- Whakaritenga katoa– Ahakoa te maha o ngā takirua, ahakoa te ine, ahakoa te ārai, ahakoa te koti – kāore he whirihoranga "paerewa" kua akiakihia
- E tutuki ana i te EN 50288-7– Ngā tawhā hiko kua manatokohia me ngā pūrongo whakamātautau
- Pepa konumohe takitahi mō ia takirua + whiri whānui paerewa– Te parenga pai rawa atu ki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te EMI o waho
- Rōpū hangarau tohunga– Kōrerorero kōwhiringa kore utu me te pepa mahi tatau takirua me te tatau roa o te koropiko
- Whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ngaio tika– Ngā utu tere, ngā pepa raraunga hangarau, te tuku kaipuke ā-ao
- Ngā tuhinga katoa– Ngā pūrongo whakamātautau, ngā tiwhikete hanganga ture, te whakapuakitanga EN 50288-7