Ni izihe nyungu z'insinga zirwanya umuriro?

Insinga zirinda umuriro Ubusanzwe ikoresha imiterere y’ibice bibiri cyangwa byinshi, hamwe n’ibikoresho byihariye nka za kaseti za mica zirinda umuriro imbere. Iyo umuriro utangiye, kaseti ya mica ishobora gukora agace gakomeye gakingira umuriro ku bushyuhe bwinshi, ikagabanya umuriro n’ubushyuhe, kandi ikarinda ibyuma by’imbere n’ibikoresho byo gukingira kwangirika, bityo ikarinda imikorere isanzwe y’uruziga. Insinga zisanzwe ntizigira imiterere nk’iyo irinda umuriro kandi zoroshye gushya mu muriro, bigatuma urujya n’uruza ruhagarara.

Abayobora insinga zirinda umuriro Muri rusange bakoresha umuringa cyangwa umuringa ufite aho ushongesha cyane, kandi ibikoresho byo gukingira no gukingira icyuma nabyo bifite ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi. Urugero, ibikoresho byo gukingira icyuma bya zimwe mu nsinga zirinda umuriro bishobora kugumana ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 950 na 1000°C, bigatuma insinga zishobora gukomeza gukora neza mu gihe runaka mu gihe cy'umuriro. Mu buryo bunyuranye, ibikoresho by'insinga zisanzwe bizashonga cyangwa bikangirika vuba iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru nk'ubwo.

Ibikoresho byo gukingira bikoreshwa muri insinga zirinda umuriro Ntibifite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda umuriro gusa, ahubwo binagira ubushobozi bwo kwirinda umuriro. Ibi bikoresho bifite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda umuriro mwinshi ndetse n'imbaraga za dielectric, ibyo bikaba byakwirinda ko umuriro usohoka cyangwa uhindagurika. Ibikoresho byo kwirinda umuriro by'insinga zisanzwe bishobora kugabanuka mu mikorere y'umuriro mu gihe kirekire cyangwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi, kandi bikaba byakwibasirwa n'ibyago by'umutekano nko gutakaza amazi mu muriro w'amashanyarazi.

Urusobe rw'ubushyuhe bwa insinga zirinda umuriro Ubusanzwe ifite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda ubushuhe, ibyo bikaba byabuza ubushuhe kwinjira imbere mu nsinga no kwirinda kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo gukingira bitewe n'ubushuhe. Iyo insinga zisanzwe zikoreshwa ahantu hashyushye, ubushobozi bwazo bwo gukingira bushobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye, ndetse no kudakora neza bishobora kubaho.

Kugira ngo imikorere ikomeze kuba myiza mu bihe bikomeye nk'inkongi z'umuriro, insinga zirinda umuriro ubusanzwe zigira imiterere ikomeye yo kurinda, nko kongeramo icyuma gikingira cyangwa icyuma gikingira, nibindi. Izi nsinga zishobora kongera imbaraga zo gukanda, gukurura no kurwanya insinga, bigatuma zidapfa kwangirika iyo zikoreshejwe imbaraga zo hanze. Insinga zisanzwe muri rusange ntizigira imiterere ikomeye nk'iyo, kandi imbaraga zazo za mekanike ni nkeya.

Mu gihe cyo kwemeza imbaraga za mekanike, insinga zirinda umuriro kandi zifite ubushobozi bwo koroshya ibintu, byoroshye gushyiramo no gushyiraho. Ndetse no mu nsinga zikomeye, zishobora kunama no gushyirwaho byoroshye bitabangamiye imiterere y'imbere y'insinga bitewe no kunama cyane. Insinga zisanzwe zishobora kuba zidakomeye mu koroshya ibintu, cyane cyane kuri zimwe mu nsinga nini, kandi ingorane nyinshi zishobora guhura nazo mu gihe cyo gushyiraho.

Bitewe n'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bikora neza cyane n'uburyo bugezweho bwo gukora, insinga zirinda umuriro Zifite ubushobozi bwo kudasaza kurusha insinga zisanzwe. Mu gihe zikoreshwa igihe kirekire, zishobora kurwanya ingaruka z'ibidukikije (nk'imirasire ya ultraviolet, oxidation, impinduka z'ubushyuhe, nibindi), zigabanye umuvuduko wo gusaza kw'ibikoresho, bityo zikongera igihe cyo gukora insinga. Iyo insinga zisanzwe zihuye n'ahantu habi igihe kirekire, ibibazo nko gusaza kw'ibikoresho no gucika kw'icyuma bishobora kubaho, bigatera ingaruka ku ikoreshwa ryabyo risanzwe.

Insinga zirinda umuriro ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi imikorere yayo ihinduka gato mu bushyuhe busanzwe bwo gukora no mu gihe gito cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ibi bituma ikoreshwa mu bidukikije bimwe na bimwe by'ubushyuhe bwinshi idatuma igihe cyo kuyikoresha kigabanuka bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane. Mu bidukikije by'ubushyuhe bwinshi, imikorere y'ibikoresho by'insinga zisanzwe izangirika vuba, bigatuma igihe cyo kuyikoresha kigabanuka cyane.