Zithini iingenelo zeCable enganyangekiyo ngumlilo?

Iintambo ezingatshiyo idla ngokuthatha isakhiwo esinamaleko amabini okanye esineengqimba ezininzi, kunye nezinto ezikhethekileyo ezifana neeteyipu ze-mica ezingatshiyo ngaphakathi. Xa umlilo uqhambuka, iteyipu ye-mica inokwenza ifilimu eqinileyo yokukhusela kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ihlukanise ilangatye nobushushu, kwaye ikhusele ii-conductor zangaphakathi kunye neengqimba zobushushu ekonakalisweni, ngaloo ndlela igcina ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesekethe. Iintambo eziqhelekileyo azinaso isakhiwo esinjalo esingatshiyo kwaye zitsha lula emlilweni, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphazamisekeni kwesekethe.

Abaqhubi be iintambo ezingatshiyo ngokubanzi zisebenzisa ii-alloys zobhedu okanye zobhedu ezineqondo eliphezulu lokunyibilika, kwaye izinto zokwambathisa kunye nezikhonkwane nazo zinokumelana nomlilo okuphezulu, ezikwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu. Umzekelo, izinto zokwambathisa zezinye iintambo ezingatshiyo zinokuhlala zizinzile kubushushu obuphezulu be-950 - 1000°C, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iintambo zisasebenza ngokuqhelekileyo ixesha elithile kwindawo yomlilo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, izinto zeentambo eziqhelekileyo ziya kunyibilika okanye zonakale ngokukhawuleza kubushushu obuphezulu kangaka.

Izinto zokukhusela ezisetyenziswa kwi iintambo ezingatshiyo Ayizizo nje kuphela ezimelana nomlilo kodwa zikwanokusebenza kakuhle kokugquma. Ezi zinto zinokumelana okuphezulu kokugquma kunye namandla e-dielectric, nto leyo enokuthintela ngcono ukuvuza kwangoku kunye neziganeko ze-short-circuit. Izinto zokugquma zeentambo eziqhelekileyo zinokufumana ukwehla kokusebenza kokugquma ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide okanye kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu, kwaye zisengozini yokuba neengozi zokhuseleko ezifana nokuvuza kombane.

Umaleko wokukhusela iintambo ezingatshiyo idla ngokuba nokusebenza kakuhle okumelana nokufuma, nto leyo enokuthintela ngempumelelo ukufuma ukuba kungangeni ngaphakathi kweentambo kwaye ithintele ukuncipha kokusebenza kokufutha ngenxa yokufuma. Xa iintambo eziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa kwindawo efumileyo, ukusebenza kwazo kokufutha kunokuchaphazeleka kakhulu, kwaye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kunokubakho.

Ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwiindawo ezinzima ezifana nemililo, iintambo ezingatshiyo Ngokuqhelekileyo zinesakhiwo sokhuselo esomeleleyo, njengokongeza isikhuselo seteyipu yentsimbi okanye isikhuselo sentsimbi yentsimbi, njl. Ezi layers zesikhuselo zinokuphucula ukumelana nokucinezelwa, ukutsalwa, kunye nokuchasana kweentambo, okwenza ukuba zingabi nakwenzeka ukuba zonakale xa ziphantsi kwamandla angaphandle. Iintambo eziqhelekileyo ngokubanzi azinaso isakhiwo esomeleleyo, kwaye amandla azo oomatshini aphantsi kakhulu.

Ngelixa kuqinisekiswa amandla oomatshini, iintambo ezingatshiyo zikwanokuguquguquka okungcono, okulungeleyo ukufakwa nokufakwa. Nokuba kwiindawo ezinzima zocingo, zinokugotywa kwaye zibekwe ngokulula ngaphandle kokonakalisa ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lweentambo ngenxa yokugoba kakhulu. Iintambo eziqhelekileyo zinokuba nzima ukuguquguquka, ingakumbi kwezinye iintambo ezinkulu, kwaye kunokudibana nobunzima obuninzi ngexesha lokufakwa.

Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezisebenza kakuhle kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa eziphambili, iintambo ezingatshiyo zisebenza ngcono xa zisetyenziswa kuneentambo eziqhelekileyo. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, zinokumelana ngcono nempembelelo yezinto ezingqongileyo (ezifana nemitha ye-ultraviolet, i-oxidation, utshintsho lobushushu, njl.njl.), zinciphise isantya sokuguga kwezinto, ngaloo ndlela zandise ubomi benkonzo yeentambo. Xa iintambo eziqhelekileyo zichatshazelwa kwiindawo ezinzima ixesha elide, iingxaki ezinje ngokuguga kwe-insulation kunye nokuqhekeka kwesheath kunokwenzeka ukuba zenzeke, nto leyo echaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwazo okuqhelekileyo.

Iintambo ezingatshiyo Ziyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kwaye ukusebenza kwazo kutshintsha kancinci phantsi kwamaqondo obushushu aqhelekileyo okusebenza kunye namaqondo obushushu okugqithisa ixesha elifutshane. Oku kwenza ukuba zisetyenziswe kwezinye iindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu ngaphandle kokunciphisa ubomi bazo benkonzo ngenxa yamaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu. Kwimeko enobushushu obuphezulu, ukusebenza kwezinto zeentambo eziqhelekileyo kuya kuncipha ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ubomi benkonzo yeentambo bunciphe kakhulu.